I was inspired to write about computer-generated imagery, or CGI, after watching the following video (definitely worth the watch if you are a fan) on the Game of Thrones episode "Battle of the Bastards." It focuses mainly on how producers could augment the scenes to drastically increase the scope of the shot from a few dozen horses and actors to full scale armies.
https://vimeo.com/172374044
CGI is usually used to create 3D images, although it can also be applied in 2D formats. I was surprised to see that even the backgrounds of many scenes shot with CGI that I anticipated would be authentic places were actually created with algorithms. Using these strategies, programmers can manipulate a blank canvas into a realistic topography. They are able to achieve this authenticity by coding in midpoint formulas and and meshing surfaces together.
An example of CGI damp fur.
There has also been a significant amount of effort put into creating realistic images of skin, cloth, and fur. Programmers have struggled to imitate the natural reactions of the materials to movement, but accuracy in their portrayal can be achieved down to 0.1 millimeters. Another application of CGI is in user-impacted formats such as flight simulators. These programs have to be designed so that functions performed by the user are accurately portrayed in the visualization.
One of the main fallbacks for CGI is its cost, both in time and money. Not only is it incredibly laborious, but according to Money Inc., "if a Game of Thrones episode has 10-minutes of CGI, which equates to $800,000." As CGI's applications and effectiveness continue to impress, producers may decide they are willing to pay more, which would be welcome news to many fans.
http://bgr.com/2016/06/29/game-of-thrones-battle-bastards-effects/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery
http://moneyinc.com/much-costs-make-single-episode-game-thrones/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fur
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